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روان شناسی و مشاوره::
مقیاس افسردگی سالمندان
Geriatric Depression Scale
The Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) is a short, self-administered inventory that effectively differentiates between depressed and nondepressed older clients (Yesavage et al.
Holroyd and Clayton (2000) concluded that the GDS is "the best validated instrument" (p.
A shortened form of the GDS exists that includes 15 yes/no items.
Assessments reviewed include the BDI-II, CDI, GDS, HDI, STAI,
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